Acute Renal failure(ARF) is also known as Acute Kidney injury (AKI). The main function of the kidney is to remove the waste from the body and balance the fluids. When the kidney fails to perform this function, it is known as Acute Kidney injury. When the kidney fails to filter the waste from the body, the chemical action of the blood gets imbalanced as the toxins get accumulated in the body. Acute Renal failure can develop over a few hours or in few days. The patient must be immediately hospitalized to find out the cause of this kidney failure and early treatment can ensure complete recovery.

The kidney acts like a filter and removes the toxins like urea, creatinine from the blood in the form of urine. When the kidney is paralyzed to perform this function, Chronic Renal failure occurs. It is also known as Chronic Kidney disease(CKD). It is divided into 5 stages (stage 1 or early to advanced stage 5) depending on the severity of kidney injury. Toxins and water build up in the body gradually on regular basis. CKD cannot be reversed or cured, but if diagnosed early can be controlled well from progressing to advance stages. In initial stages he or she can be maintained with medications alone.

Renal transplant is offered to patients with advanced stage 5 CKD. It is the best mode of treatment available presently for advanced kidney disease. He/she needs to be on dialysis either hemodilayis or peritoneal dialysis till he gets kidney transplant done. A donor is required for a kidney transplantation. The patient can survive with a single kidney which is transplanted, and he will be off any form of dialysis.